Acronyms and Unit Abbreviations
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Acronymns
ACRONYMS | Meaning |
---|---|
a-Si:H | hydrogenated amorphous silicon |
AM | air mass |
AMOLED | Active Matrix Organic Light-Emitting Displays |
AO | All-Optical |
AOS | All-Optical Switching |
AOS | All-Optical Signal Processing |
ASF | Anderson, Schultz, and Flory |
BOS | balance of system |
CB | conduction band |
CHP | combined heat and power |
COP | coefficient of performance |
CPV | concentrated photovoltaic |
dc | direct current |
DFT | Density functional theory |
DNI | direct normal irradiation |
ECL | Electrogenerated chemiluminescence |
EFG | edge-defined film-fed growth |
EIA | Energy Information Administration |
EO | Electro-optic |
EPV | electrochemical photovoltaic |
ETL | Electron Injection/Transport Layer |
HCPV | high-concentration photovoltaic |
HHV | higher heating value |
HRS | Hyper-Rayleigh Scattering |
IR | infrared |
ITO | indium tin oxide |
IZO | Indium Zinc Oxide |
LC | Liquid crystal |
LE | Luminous Efficiency |
LH1/LH2 | light-harvesting pigment/protein complexes |
MBE | molecular beam epitaxy |
MEG | multiple exciton generation |
MESP | minimum ethanol selling price |
MOCVD | metalorganic chemical vapor deposition |
MZI | Mach-Zehnder Interferometer |
NAE | National Academy of Engineering |
Nd:Yag | Neodymium doped Ytrium aluminum garnet- a type of laser |
NHE | normal hydrogen electrode |
NIR | Near Infrared |
NLO | Non-linear optics |
NRC | National Research Council |
OEC | oxygen-evolving complex |
OFET | Organic field effect transistor |
OLED | organic light emitting diode |
OPV | organic photovoltaic (solar cell) |
PCET | proton-coupled electron transfer |
PC | Photonic crystal |
PCM | phase change storage material |
PEC | photoelectrochemical |
PEM | proton exchange membrane |
PET | Polyethylene terephthalate |
PMMA | Polymethylmethacrylate |
PPV | Polyphenylvinylene |
PRD | priority research directions |
PT | polythiophene |
PV | photovoltaic |
R&D | research and development |
RC | reaction center |
SAML | Self-assembled monolayers |
SHG | Second Harmonic Generation |
SLO | Spatial Light Modulation |
TCO | transparent conducting oxide |
TCNL | Thermochemical Nanolithography |
TFT | Thin-Film Transistor |
THG | Third Harmonic Generation |
TM | Transverse Mode |
TMS | theoretical modeling and simulation |
TPA | Two Photon Absorption |
TPF | Two Photon Fluoresence |
TPV | thermophotovoltaic |
UPS | Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy |
U.S. | United States |
UV | ultraviolet |
WOLED | White organic light-emitting diode |
XAFS | X-ray absorption fine-structure (spectroscopy) |
XPS | X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy |
ZT | thermoelectric figure of merit |
Variables and Constants
Common
Symbol | Meaning |
---|---|
c | speed of light (c = 299,792,458 m/s approx 3 x 106m/s) |
ν | frequency |
h | planck's constant (h = 6.62606896x 10-34 J s = 4.135667 x 10-15eV s) |
λ | wavelength (visible spectrum is 400-700nm) |
Absorption and Emission
Symbol | Meaning |
---|---|
ε | extinction coefficient of a molecule |
Φ | quantum yield |
Ψ | wave function |
EO Properties
Symbol | Meaning |
---|---|
μ | dipole moment (mu) measured in debyes |
α | linear polarizability (alpha) |
β | first order hyperpolarizability (microscopic) (beta) |
cos3θ | order parameter |
δ | Two photo cross section measured in Goppert-Mayer units (GM), with 1 GM=1×10-50 cm4 s molecules−1 photon−1 >100gm is high.) |
r | Pockels coefficient or Linear Electo-optic Cofficient Pockels Effect r~ 10-12 – 1—10 m/V |
r33 | Electro-optic cofficient (chi 33)(FM= 1000 pm/V) |
χ2 | second-order nonlinear susceptiblity (first order hyperpolarizability) (macroscopic) |
χ3 | third-order nonlinear susceptiblity (second order hyperpolarizability) (macroscopic) (alpha)(FM= 6-7 x 10-21(m/V)2) |
ε | dielectric constant or relative static permittivity |
M | Transition dipole moment (measured in debyes) |
N | Number Density parameter |
φfl | Fluoresence Quantum Yield a ratio of photons absorbed over photons emitted |
σ | conductivity (measured in S (Siemens)/cm |
t | the electronic coupling, transfer integral or resonance integral |
vπ | half-wave driving voltage |
Devices
Symbol | Meaning |
---|---|
α | material loss in dB/cm |
d | electrode separation |
Γ | optical electrical overlap |
λ | reorganization energy |
μ | charge mobility in cm2 / V s- a mobility >1 is considered good |
Units
Abbreviation | Unit |
---|---|
°C | degree(s) Celsius |
$/kW | dollar(s) per kilowatt |
μm | micrometer(s) |
μs | microsecond(s) |
Å | angstrom(s) (10-10m) |
amp | ampere(s) |
as | attaseconds- one quintillionth of a second |
Bbl | billion barrels |
cm | centimeter(s) |
cm/min | centimeter(s) per minute |
eV | electron volt(s) |
fs | femptosecond(s) |
gal | gallon(s) |
Gha | gigahectare(s) |
GJ | gigajoule(s) |
Gtons | gigatons (109 tons = 1 billion tons) |
GW | gigawatt(s) (109 W = 1 billion watts) |
kg | kilogram(s) |
kWh | kilowatt hour(s) |
kWth | kilowatt(s) (thermal) |
K | Kelvin |
L | liter(s) |
MHz | megahertz |
mm | millimeter(s) |
MW | megawatt(s) (106 W = 1 million watts) |
MWe | megawatt(s) (electric) |
MWth | megawatt(s) (thermal) |
MW/yr | megawatt(s) per year |
nm | nanometer(s) |
nm/s | nanometer(s) per second |
ps | picosecond(s) |
psi | pound(s) per square inch |
s | second(s) |
TW | terawatt(s) (1012 W = 1 trillion watts) |
W | watt(s) |
Wp | peak watt(s) |
yr | year(s) |
Agencies, Programs and Institutions
ACRONYMS | Meaning |
---|---|
DOE | Department of Energy |
IPCC | Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change |
NSDL | National Science Digital Library aka National STEM Distributed Learning |