Acronyms and Unit Abbreviations
Acronymns
| ACRONYMS | Meaning |
|---|---|
| a-Si:H | hydrogenated amorphous silicon |
| AM | air mass |
| ASF | Anderson, Schultz, and Flory |
| BOS | balance of system |
| CB | conduction band |
| CHP | combined heat and power |
| COP | coefficient of performance |
| CPV | concentrated photovoltaic |
| dc | direct current |
| DNI | direct normal irradiation |
| DOE | U.S. Department of Energy |
| EFG | edge-defined film-fed growth |
| EIA | Energy Information Administration |
| EPV | electrochemical photovoltaic |
| HCPV | high-concentration photovoltaic |
| HHV | higher heating value |
| IPCC | Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change |
| IR | infrared |
| ITO | Indium Tin Oxide |
| LH1/LH2 | light-harvesting pigment/protein complexes |
| MBE | molecular beam epitaxy |
| MEG | multiple exciton generation |
| MESP | minimum ethanol selling price |
| MOCVD | metalorganic chemical vapor deposition |
| NAE | National Academy of Engineering |
| NHE | normal hydrogen electrode |
| NRC | National Research Council |
| OEC | oxygen-evolving complex |
| OLED | organic light emitting diode |
| OPV | organic photovoltaic (solar cell) |
| PCET | proton-coupled electron transfer |
| PCM | phase change storage material |
| PEC | photoelectrochemical |
| PEM | proton exchange membrane |
| PRD | priority research directions |
| PV | photovoltaic |
| R&D | research and development |
| RC | reaction center |
| TCO | transparent conducting oxide |
| TMS | theoretical modeling and simulation |
| TPV | thermophotovoltaic |
| U.S. | United States |
| UV | ultraviolet |
| XAFS | X-ray absorption fine-structure (spectroscopy) |
| ZT | thermoelectric figure of merit |
Units
°C degree(s) Celsius $/kW dollar(s) per kilowatt μm micrometer(s) μs microsecond(s) Å angstrom(s) amp ampere(s) Bbl billion barrels cm centimeter(s) cm/min centimeter(s) per minute eV electron volt(s) fs femtosecond(s) gal gallon(s) Gha gigahectare(s) GJ gigajoule(s) Gtons gigatons (109 tons = 1 billion tons) GW gigawatt(s) (109 W = 1 billion watts) kg kilogram(s) kWh kilowatt hour(s) kWth kilowatt(s) (thermal) K Kelvin L liter(s) MHz megahertz mm millimeter(s) MW megawatt(s) (106 W = 1 million watts) MWe megawatt(s) (electric) MWth megawatt(s) (thermal) MW/yr megawatt(s) per year nm nanometer(s) nm/s nanometer(s) per second ps picosecond(s) psi pound(s) per square inch s second(s) TW terawatt(s) (1012 W = 1 trillion watts) W watt(s) Wp peak watt(s) yr year(s)